Topic 8 of 8 · Form 3
Depth study: Russia, 1905–41
Autocracy under Nicholas II; social and economic problems; the 1905 Revolution (Bloody Sunday) and the October Manifesto; the Dumas; Stolypin's reforms.
Notes for this topic 1 file, in order
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Tsarist Russia
Autocracy under Nicholas II; social and economic problems; the 1905 Revolution (Bloody Sunday) and the October Manifesto; the Dumas; Stolypin's reforms.
The First World War and the revolutions of 1917
Military defeats, food shortages, Rasputin's influence; the February Revolution and abdication; the Provisional Government and its problems; Lenin's April Theses; the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917.
Bolshevik consolidation
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918), the Civil War (Reds versus Whites) and why the Reds won, War Communism, the New Economic Policy (1921).
Stalin's Russia
Rise to power over Trotsky; Five-Year Plans (industrialisation); collectivisation of agriculture and the famine; the purges and show trials; the cult of personality; life for ordinary people.
Check yourself
- What was Bloody Sunday (1905)?
- Why did the Bolsheviks win the Civil War?
- What was collectivisation?
Show answers
- Troops fired on peaceful protesters marching to the Winter Palace in St Petersburg.
- Unity and leadership (Trotsky's Red Army), control of central areas and railways, divided Whites.
- Combining small peasant farms into large state-controlled collective farms.
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