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Topic 5 of 8 · Form 6

Pure 3: further calculus and differential equations

Derivatives of eˣ, ln x, sin, cos, tan; product and quotient rules; implicit and parametric differentiation.

Notes for this topic 1 file, in order

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  1. PDFPure 3: further calculus and differential equations – Mathematics notes (Cambridge A Level)48.6 KB

Differentiation

Derivatives of eˣ, ln x, sin, cos, tan; product and quotient rules; implicit and parametric differentiation.

Worked example: Find dy/dx for x = t², y = 2t³ at t = 2.

dy/dx = (6t²)/(2t) = 3t = 6

Trigonometry

sec, cosec, cot; compound and double angle formulae; R sin(θ ± α) forms.

Integration

Standard integrals including eᵃˣ⁺ᵇ, 1/(ax + b), sin, cos, sec²; integration using trigonometric identities; by substitution; by parts; with partial fractions; the trapezium rule.

Worked example: Find ∫ x cos 2x dx.

u = x, dv = cos 2x → x sin 2x/2 − ∫ sin 2x/2 dx = ½x sin 2x + ¼ cos 2x + c

First-order differential equations

Separable equations; forming equations from rates of change; interpreting solutions.

Worked example: Solve dy/dx = xy² given y = 1 when x = 0.

∫y⁻² dy = ∫x dx → −1/y = x²/2 + c; c = −1 → y = 2/(2 − x²)

Exam tip: In integration by parts, choose u to be the part that simplifies when differentiated.

Check yourself

  1. Differentiate e^(2x) sin x.
  2. Find ∫ tan²x dx.
  3. Express 3 cos θ + 4 sin θ as R cos(θ − α).
Show answers
  1. e^(2x)(2 sin x + cos x)
  2. tan x − x + c
  3. 5 cos(θ − 53.13°)
Next topicPure 3: vectors and complex numbers

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