Reproduction – Biology notes (ZIMSEC O Level)

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma. Insect-pollinated flowers are large, scented and colourful with nectar; wind-pollinated flowers (maize, grasses) have long feathery stigmas and light, smooth pollen. After fertilisation the ovule becomes the seed and the ovary the fruit. Seeds are dispersed by animals, wind, water or explosion.