ZIMSEC · Form 5 · Lower 6
Building Technology and Design
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- Site investigation, surveying and setting out Desk study (maps, records), site reconnaissance, trial pits and boreholes to establish soil type, bearing capacity, water table, services and access.
- Soils and foundation design Rock, gravel, sand, silt, clay and peat; properties: bearing capacity, permeability, shrinkage and swelling (expansive "black cotton" clay soils cause cracking), compressibility and drainage.
- Structural elements: walls, lintels, beams and frames Load-bearing and non-load-bearing; solid and cavity walls; bonding; wall ties; damp-proof courses; slenderness (height to thickness ratio); openings and lintels; movement joints.
- Floors, roofs and stairs Ground-bearing slabs (hardcore, blinding, damp-proof membrane, slab, screed), suspended timber floors, reinforced concrete suspended slabs, and precast beam-and-block floors. Floor finishes: tiles, screeds, timber.