ZIMSEC · Form 5 · Lower 6
Physics
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- Measurement, units and uncertainties Base units: kg, m, s, A, K, mol, cd. Derived units are combinations: N = kg m s⁻², J = kg m² s⁻², W = kg m² s⁻³. An equation is homogeneous if both sides have the same base units – a check, not a proof, of correctness.
- Kinematics and dynamics v = u + at; s = ut + ½at²; v² = u² + 2as; s = ½(u + v)t.
- Forces, energy and materials For a body in equilibrium: resultant force is zero and the sum of moments about any point is zero. A couple (two equal, opposite, parallel forces) produces a torque = F × perpendicular separation.
- Oscillations and waves Acceleration is proportional to displacement and directed towards the equilibrium position: a = −ω²x.
- Thermal physics and ideal gases Internal energy is the sum of the random kinetic and potential energies of the molecules. Thermodynamic temperature T (K) = θ (°C) + 273.15; absolute zero is 0 K.
- Current electricity I = ΔQ/Δt; V = W/Q; R = V/I; P = VI = I²R = V²/R.