Topic 7 of 7 · Form 6
Computer-aided design and the design process
2D drafting and 3D modelling (wireframe, surface and solid models); parametric modelling, assemblies, rendering and simulation (stress analysis). Benefits: accuracy, speed of editing, libraries of standard parts, sharing files, and direct links to manufacture.
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CAD
2D drafting and 3D modelling (wireframe, surface and solid models); parametric modelling, assemblies, rendering and simulation (stress analysis). Benefits: accuracy, speed of editing, libraries of standard parts, sharing files, and direct links to manufacture.
CAM and CNC
CAD files drive computer-controlled machines: CNC lathes and milling machines, laser cutters, plasma cutters, routers and 3D printers. G-code instructions control tool movement.
Rapid prototyping
3D printing allows quick, low-cost testing of designs before mass production.
The design process
Brief, research (including anthropometrics and ergonomics), specification, ideas, development, modelling, working drawings, manufacture, testing and evaluation.
Presentation and communication
Portfolio sheets, annotated sketches, renderings, exploded views and technical drawings for clients and manufacturers.
Industry and careers
Draughting, architecture, engineering design, product design, surveying and manufacturing.
Check yourself
- Give two advantages of 3D CAD modelling over 2D drafting.
- What is G-code?
- What is rapid prototyping?
Show answers
- Any two: realistic visualisation, clash detection in assemblies, automatic views, simulation, easy modification.
- The programming language of instructions that controls CNC machine movements.
- Producing physical models quickly from CAD data (e.g. by 3D printing) to test designs.
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