ZIMSEC · Form 3
Chemistry
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- Particles and atomic structure All matter is made of moving particles. Heating gives them more energy: solids melt, liquids boil. Diffusion and Brownian motion are evidence that particles move.
- Chemical bonding and structure Atoms bond to get a full outer shell.
- Formulae, equations and the mole Use valencies or ion charges: Ca²⁺ and Cl⁻ give CaCl₂; Al³⁺ and O²⁻ give Al₂O₃.
- Acids, bases and salts Neutralisation: H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l)
- The periodic table: groups and trends Elements are arranged by proton number. Elements in a group have the same number of outer electrons and similar properties.