ZIMSEC · A Level
Physics
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Form 5 · Lower 6 3 topics
- Measurement, units and uncertainties Base units: kg, m, s, A, K, mol, cd. Derived units are combinations: N = kg m s⁻², J = kg m² s⁻², W = kg m² s⁻³. An equation is homogeneous if both sides have the same base units – a check, not a proof, of correctness.
- Kinematics and dynamics v = u + at; s = ut + ½at²; v² = u² + 2as; s = ½(u + v)t.
- Forces, energy and materials For a body in equilibrium: resultant force is zero and the sum of moments about any point is zero. A couple (two equal, opposite, parallel forces) produces a torque = F × perpendicular separation.
Form 6 · Upper 6 1 topicsExam year
Form 5 · Lower 6 2 topics
- Oscillations and waves Acceleration is proportional to displacement and directed towards the equilibrium position: a = −ω²x.
- Thermal physics and ideal gases Internal energy is the sum of the random kinetic and potential energies of the molecules. Thermodynamic temperature T (K) = θ (°C) + 273.15; absolute zero is 0 K.
Form 6 · Upper 6 1 topicsExam year
Form 5 · Lower 6 1 topics
Form 6 · Upper 6 2 topicsExam year
- Magnetic fields and electromagnetic induction Magnetic forces Force on a current-carrying conductor: F = BIL sin θ (Fleming's left-hand rule).Force on a moving…
- Quantum and nuclear physics Light consists of photons with energy E = hf = hc/λ (h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s). Electrons are emitted only if hf exceeds the work function φ: hf = φ + ½mv²max. Intensity changes the number of electrons, not their maximum energy – evidence for the particle nature of light.