Topic 5 of 6 · Form 6
International history: the inter-war years and the road to war
Successes in the 1920s; the Locarno treaties (1925); the Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928); failures in Manchuria (1931) and Abyssinia (1935–36); reasons for failure.
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The League of Nations and collective security
Successes in the 1920s; the Locarno treaties (1925); the Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928); failures in Manchuria (1931) and Abyssinia (1935–36); reasons for failure.
The impact of the Great Depression
Economic nationalism, the rise of extremism, militarism in Japan.
Hitler's foreign policy and appeasement
Rearmament, the Rhineland (1936), the Anschluss (1938), Munich (1938), the occupation of Czechoslovakia (1939), the Nazi–Soviet Pact, and the invasion of Poland.
Historiography
"Guilty men" view of appeasement; revisionist views (Britain's weakness and need to rearm); A. J. P. Taylor's controversial argument about Hitler's opportunism versus intentionalist views.
Check yourself
- What was the Kellogg–Briand Pact?
- Why did the League fail over Abyssinia?
- What did A. J. P. Taylor argue about Hitler?
Show answers
- A 1928 agreement in which states renounced war as an instrument of national policy.
- Weak sanctions (no oil embargo), the Suez Canal stayed open, and Britain and France pursued their own interests (Hoare–Laval Pact).
- That Hitler was an opportunist exploiting situations rather than following a detailed plan for war.
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