ZIMSEC O Level · Literature in English · Form 3, Form 4
Drama is written to be performed. When studying a play, imagine it on stage.
Features
- Dialogue: characters reveal themselves through what they say.
- Stage directions: describe actions, setting, tone of voice and movement.
- Acts and scenes divide the play.
- Soliloquy: a character speaks thoughts alone on stage. Aside: a remark heard only by the audience.
- Dramatic irony: the audience knows something a character does not, creating tension.
Tragedy and comedy
- Tragedy: a serious play in which the main character falls, often because of a flaw (pride, ambition, jealousy).
- Comedy: light-hearted, often ending happily, using misunderstandings, humour and satire.
Analysing a scene
Consider what happens, what it reveals about characters, how it develops themes, the mood created, and how it might be staged (lighting, movement, sound).
Exam tip: Refer to the audience in drama answers – “the audience feels…” shows you understand it is performed.
Check yourself
- What is a soliloquy?
- Explain dramatic irony.
- Why are stage directions important?
Show answers
- A speech in which a character, alone on stage, reveals private thoughts.
- When the audience knows something a character does not.
- They show actions, setting and how lines are spoken, helping readers and actors understand the play.
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