Hand tools and their uses

ZIMSEC O Level · Wood Technology and Design · Form 1, Form 2

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Measuring and marking out

Steel rule and tape, try square (testing and marking right angles), marking gauge (lines parallel to an edge), mortise gauge (two parallel lines), sliding bevel (angles), marking knife and pencil.

Sawing

Rip saw: cutting along the grain. Cross-cut saw: across the grain.
Tenon saw (back saw): accurate cuts for joints. Coping saw: curves.

Planing

Jack plane (general planing), smoothing plane (finishing), block plane (end grain). Plane with the grain to avoid tearing.

Chiselling

Firmer chisel (general work), bevel-edged chisel (dovetails, corners), mortise chisel (deep mortises), used with a mallet.

Boring and driving

Brace and bits, hand drill and twist drills, bradawl, claw hammer, warrington (cross-pein) hammer, screwdrivers.

Holding

Bench vice, G-cramps, sash cramps (for gluing frames).

Care of tools

Sharpen on an oilstone (grinding angle about 25°, honing angle about 30°), oil to prevent rust, and store in racks.

Exam tip: Name the right saw for the cut – “tenon saw for the shoulders of a tenon” earns more than just “saw”.

Check yourself

Which tool marks a line parallel to an edge?
Name the saw used for cutting curves.
State one way of preventing tearing when planing.

Show answers

A marking gauge.
A coping saw.
Plane with the grain (also: sharp blade, fine setting).

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